Ke noʻonoʻo nei pehea e koho ai i nā koʻokoʻo wili lāʻau kūpono no ka noi?
Loaʻa i nā pane i nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ka electrode lāʻau.
Inā he DIYer ʻoe i hoʻopaʻa wili i kekahi mau manawa o ka makahiki a i ʻole he welder ʻoihana e wili i kēlā me kēia lā, hoʻokahi mea maopopo: Pono ke akamai o ka wili lāʻau.Pono pū kekahi ʻike e pili ana i nā electrodes lāʻau (i kapa ʻia ʻo welding rods).
No ka mea, ʻo nā ʻano like ʻole e like me ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana, ke anawaena electrode a me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka flux e kōkua pū i ke koho ʻana i ka lāʻau lāʻau a me ka hana ʻana, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana iā ʻoe iho me kekahi ʻike kumu hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hōʻemi i ka huikau a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka kūleʻa wili lāʻau.
1. He aha nā electrodes lāʻau maʻamau?
He mau haneli, inā ʻaʻole he mau kaukani, nā electrodes lāʻau, akā hāʻule ka mea kaulana loa i ka American Welding Society (AWS) A5.1 Specification for Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding.Hoʻopili kēia i nā electrodes E6010, E6011, E6012, E6013, E7014, E7024 a me E7018.
2. He aha ka manaʻo o ka AWS stick electrode classifications?
No ke kōkua ʻana i ka ʻike ʻana i nā electrodes lāʻau, hoʻohana ka AWS i kahi stystem classfiiation standardized.Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke ʻano o nā helu a me nā leka i paʻi ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao o nā electrodes lāʻau, a hōʻike kēlā me kēia i nā waiwai electrode kikoʻī.
No nā electrodes kila māmā i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, eia ke ʻano o ka ʻōnaehana AWS:
● Hōʻike ka leka "E" i kahi electrode.
● Hōʻike nā huahelu mua ʻelua i ka ikaika tensile haʻahaʻa loa o ka weld, i ana ʻia ma nā paona i kēlā me kēia ʻīniha huinahā (psi).No ka laʻana, ʻo ka helu 70 i kahi electrode E7018 e hōʻike ana e hana ka electrode i kahi weld bead me ka ikaika tensile haʻahaʻa o 70,000 psi.
● ʻO ke kolu o ka huahelu e hōʻike ana i ke kūlana wiliwili e hiki ai ke hoʻohana i ka electrode.No ka laʻana, ʻo 1 ke ʻano o ka electrode hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā kūlana āpau a ʻo ka 2 ʻo ia hoʻi hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma nā welds paʻa a me ka pae ākea wale nō.
● Hōʻike ka helu ʻehā i ke ʻano o ka uhi a me ke ʻano o ke au kuʻi (AC, DC a i ʻole nā mea ʻelua) hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia me ka electrode.
3. He aha nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā electrodes E6010, E6011, E6012 a me E6013 a i ka manawa hea e hoʻohana ʻia ai?
● Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā electrodes E6010 me nā kumu mana o kēia manawa (DC).Hāʻawi lākou i ke komo hohonu a me ka hiki ke ʻeli i ka ʻōpala, ka aila, ka pena a me ka lepo.Nui ka poʻe wili paipu ʻike e hoʻohana i kēia mau electrodes kūlana āpau no ka hele ʻana o ka wili aʻa ma kahi paipu.Eia naʻe, hōʻike nā electrodes E6010 i kahi arc paʻa loa, hiki iā lākou ke paʻakikī i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā welders novice.
● Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā electrodes E6011 no ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā kūlana āpau me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kumu mana hoʻoheheʻe alternating current (AC).E like me E6010 electrodes, E6011 electrodes e hana i ka hohonu hohonu, e ʻoki ana i nā metala i ʻino a haumia paha.Nui nā welders e koho i nā electrodes E6011 no ka mālama ʻana a me ka hana hoʻoponopono ke loaʻa ʻole kahi kumu mana DC.
● E6012 electrodes hana maikaʻi i loko o nā noi e pono ai ke kaʻawale ma waena o ʻelua ami.He nui nā welders ʻoihana e koho i nā electrodes E6012 no nā welds fillet kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe o kēia manawa ma ke kūlana ākea, akā makemake kēia mau electrodes e hana i kahi ʻaoʻao pāpaʻu a me ka slag paʻa e koi ai i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe post-weld hou.
● E6013 electrodes hana i ka palupalu arc me ka liʻiliʻi spatter, hāʻawi haʻahaʻa komo a me ka maʻalahi-removable slag.Pono e hoʻohana wale ʻia kēia mau electrodes no ka weld maʻemaʻe, metala metala hou.
4. He aha nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o E7014, E7018 a me E7024 electrodes a i ka manawa hea e hoʻohana ʻia ai?
● E7014 electrodes hana e pili ana i ka like komo komo like me E6012 electrodes a ua hoʻolālā 'ia no ka hoʻohana 'ana ma luna o carbon a me haʻahaʻa-alloy steels.Loaʻa i nā electrodes E7014 ka nui o ka pauka hao, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka helu deposition.Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana i nā amperage kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā electrodes E6012.
● E7018 electrodes loaʻa i ka mānoanoa flux me kiʻekiʻe pauda maʻiʻo a me kekahi o ka easiest electrodes e hoʻohana.Hoʻopuka kēia mau electrodes i ka ʻāʻī, mālie a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka spatter a me ke komo ʻana o ke arc waena.Nui nā welders e hoʻohana i nā electrodes E7018 e wili i nā metala mānoanoa e like me ke kila kila.Hiki i nā electrodes E7018 ke hana i nā welds ikaika me nā waiwai hopena kiʻekiʻe (ʻoiai i ke anuanu) a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke kila kalapona, ke kalapona kiʻekiʻe, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe.
● E7024 electrodes loaʻa ka nui o ka hao pauka e kokua i ka hoonui deposition uku.Nui nā welders e hoʻohana i nā electrodes E7024 no ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a flat fillet welds.Hana maikaʻi kēia mau electrodes ma ka pā kila ma kahi o 1/4-iniha ka mānoanoa.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma luna o nā metala i ana ma luna o 1/2-iniha mānoanoa.
5. Pehea wau e koho ai i kahi lāʻau electrode?
ʻO ka mea mua, e koho i kahi electrode lāʻau e pili ana i nā waiwai ikaika a me ke ʻano o ka metala kumu.No ka laʻana, i ka hana ʻana ma ke kila māmā, maʻamau e hana kekahi electrode E60 a i ʻole E70.
A laila, hoʻohālikelike i ke ʻano electrode i ke kūlana welding a noʻonoʻo i ke kumu mana i loaʻa.E hoʻomanaʻo, hiki ke hoʻohana wale ʻia kekahi mau electrodes me DC a i ʻole AC, ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā electrodes ʻē aʻe me DC a me AC.
E noʻonoʻo i ka hoʻolālā hui a me ke kūpono a koho i kahi electrode e hāʻawi i nā hiʻohiʻona komo maikaʻi loa (ka ʻeli ʻana, waena a māmā paha).I ka hana ʻana i kahi hui me ka paʻa paʻa ʻole a i ʻole ka beveled, e hāʻawi nā electrodes e like me E6010 a i ʻole E6011 i nā arc eli e hōʻoia i ke komo ʻana.No nā mea lahilahi a i ʻole nā hono me nā puka ākea ākea, e koho i kahi electrode me kahi kukui a palupalu paha e like me ka E6013.
No ka pale ʻana i ka haki ʻana o ka weld ma nā mea mānoanoa, kaumaha a/a i ʻole nā hoʻolālā hui paʻakikī, koho i kahi electrode me ka ductility kiʻekiʻe.E noʻonoʻo pū i ke kūlana lawelawe e hālāwai ai ka ʻāpana a me nā kikoʻī e pono ai e hoʻokō.E hoʻohana ʻia i kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, wela kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka haʻalulu?No kēia mau noi, hana maikaʻi kahi electrode hydrogen E7018 haʻahaʻa.
E noʻonoʻo pū i ka pono hana.I ka wā e hana ai ma ke kūlana palahalaha, hāʻawi nā electrodes me kahi ʻāpana pauka hao kiʻekiʻe, e like me E7014 a i ʻole E7024, e hāʻawi i nā uku deposition kiʻekiʻe.
No nā noi koʻikoʻi, e nānā mau i nā kikoʻī wili a me nā kaʻina hana no ke ʻano electrode.
6. He aha ka hana a ka flux a puni ka lāʻau electrode?
ʻO nā lāʻau electrodes āpau he koʻokoʻo i hoʻopuni ʻia e kahi uhi i kapa ʻia ʻo flux, e lawelawe ana i nā kumu nui.ʻO ia ka flux, a i ʻole ka uhi, ma ka electrode e kuhikuhi i kahi a pehea e hoʻohana ʻia ai kahi electrode.
Ke kuʻi ʻia ke arc, ʻaʻā ke kahe a hoʻopuka i nā ʻano hopena kemika paʻakikī.Ke ʻā nei nā mea hoʻoheheʻe i ka arc welding, hoʻokuʻu lākou i ke kinoea pale no ka pale ʻana i ka wai hoʻoheheʻe weld mai nā haumia o ka lewa.I ka wā e maʻalili ai ka wai weld, hana ka flux i ka slag e pale ai i ka weld metala mai ka hoʻohemo ʻana a pale i ka porosity i loko o ka weld bead.
Loaʻa i ka Flux nā mea ionizing e hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ke arc (ʻoi loa i ka wā e wili ai me kahi kumu mana AC), me nā alloys e hāʻawi i ka weld i kona ductility a me ka ikaika tensile.
Hoʻohana kekahi mau electrodes i ka flux me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka pauka hao e kōkua i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka helu deposition, aʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻohui ʻia i nā deoxidizers e hana ana ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hiki ke komo i nā mea hana ʻino a i ʻole nā mea hana lepo.
7. I ka manawa hea e hoʻohana ʻia ai kahi electrode lāʻau deposition kiʻekiʻe?
Hiki i nā electrodes deposition rate kiʻekiʻe ke kōkua i ka hoʻopau wikiwiki ʻana i kahi hana, akā he mau palena kēia mau electrodes.ʻO ka pauka hao hou i loko o kēia mau electrodes e ʻoi aku ka wai o ka wai weld, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā electrodes deposition kiʻekiʻe i nā noi waho.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā noi koʻikoʻi a koi ʻia paha, e like me ka ipu kaomi a i ʻole ka hana ʻana o ka boiler, kahi e hoʻokau ʻia ai nā pahu weld i nā koʻikoʻi kiʻekiʻe.
He koho maikaʻi loa nā electrodes deposition kiʻekiʻe no nā noi koʻikoʻi ʻole, e like me ke kuʻi ʻana i kahi pahu mālama wai maʻalahi a i ʻole ʻelua ʻāpana metala ʻole i hui pū ʻia.
8. He aha ke ala kūpono e mālama ai a hoʻomaloʻo hou i nā lāʻau electrodes?
ʻO kahi ʻāina wela, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ka wahi mālama mālama maikaʻi loa no nā electrodes lāʻau.No ka laʻana, pono e mālama ʻia ka nui o ke kila māmā, haʻahaʻa hydrogen E7018 i kahi mahana ma waena o 250- a me 300-degere Fahrenheit.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana o ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i nā electrodes ma mua o ka mahana o ka mālama ʻana, e kōkua ana i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka wai nui.No ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i nā electrodes haʻahaʻa hydrogen E7018 i kūkākūkā ʻia ma luna nei, ʻo ke kaiapuni hoʻoponopono hou mai 500 a 800 degere F no hoʻokahi a ʻelua hola.
ʻO kekahi mau electrodes, e like me E6011, pono e mālama ʻia i kahi maloʻo ma ka lumi wela, ʻo ia ka mea i wehewehe ʻia ʻo nā pae haʻahaʻa ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 70 pakeneka ma kahi mahana ma waena o 40 a me 120 degere F.
No nā manawa mālama a hoʻoponopono hou a me nā mahana, e nānā mau i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka mea hana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-23-2022